Pregnancy complications refer to health issues that arise during pregnancy, labor, or delivery that can affect the health of the mother, the fetus, or both. These complications can range from relatively minor issues such as nausea and fatigue to more serious conditions such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and placental abnormalities. Pregnancy complications are a major public health concern as they can increase the risk of adverse outcomes for both the mother and the baby, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and maternal morbidity and mortality. Researchers in this area study the causes, risk factors, prevention, and treatment of pregnancy complications to improve maternal and fetal health outcomes. This research is essential for advancing the field of obstetrics and ensuring the well-being of pregnant women and their babies.